Biome

The gut microbiome is an important modulator of host gene expression, impacting important functions such as the innate immune response. Recent evidence suggests that the inter-domain communication between the gut microbiome and host may in part occur via microRNAs (small, non-coding RNA molecules) which are often differentially expressed in the presence of bacteria and can even be released and taken up by bacteria. The role of microRNAs in microbiome–host communication in intestinal diseases is not fully understood, particularly in diseases impacted by exposure to environmental toxicants. Here, we review the present knowledge in the areas of microbiome and microRNA expression-based communication, microbiome and intestinal disease relationships, and microRNA expression responses to intestinal diseases. We also examine potential links between host microRNA–microbiota communication and exposure to environmental toxicants by reviewing connections between (i) toxicants and microRNA expression, (ii) toxicants and gut diseases, and (iii) toxicants and the gut microbiome. Future multidisciplinary research in this area is needed to uncover these interactions with the potential to impact how gut-microbiome associated diseases [e.g., inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and many others] are managed.

Introduction Changes in the intestinal bacterial composition seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis and in the clinical course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which consist of Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC). Mutations in the NOD2 gene are the most important genetic risk factors for the development of CD. In this study, the association between mucosal biopsies and the mucosa-associated bacterial composition from CD and UC patients regarding their genetic risk factors (mutations in the NOD2 gene), their endoscopic activity, and their medical therapy (TNF-α blocking therapy) was examined. Material and methods Seventy biopsies from routine colonoscopies from 33 IBD patients (26 CD and 7 UC) were obtained. Disease activity and clinical characteristics were assessed. Seven different bacterial strains (Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Prevotella melaninogenica, Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium difficile, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) were quantified using real-time PCR. NOD2 genotyping from patients with CD was performed. Results Five of the 24 patients were positive for at least one mutation in the NOD2 gene. The bacterial composition was different in CD compared to UC, in macroscopic healthy compared to macroscopic inflamed biopsies, in NOD2 mutated compared to NOD2 wildtype patients, and in patients receiving TNF-α blocking therapy compared to patients without this treatment. Conclusion This study further characterizes the mucosa-associated bacteria in IBD patients. Different clinical situations lead to an altered mucosa-associated bacterial composition. The analyzed bacteria could be promising targets for cost-effective surveillance or therapies in IBD patients.

Antibiotic treatment, as an important therapeutic intervention, can cause damage to the host microbiome and the intestinal mucosal barrier. In order to find a way to alleviate the side effects of antibiotics, the present study investigated the effects of fucoidan (ANP) isolated from Ascophyllum nodosum on gu

Seven dates a day for three weeks are put to the test in a randomized controlled trial. Subscribe to NutritionFacts.org’s free newsletter to receive our B12 infographic that covers the latest research takeaways and Dr. Greger’s updated recommendations: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe/ Here’s those remarkable labor and delivery videos: Best Food for Late Pregnancy (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/best-food-for-late-pregnancy) and Best Food for Labor and Delivery (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/best-food-for-labor-and-delivery). And here’s some recipes! Date Syrup (https://nutritionfacts.org/recipe/date-syrup/) and a Balsamic Date Glaze (https://nutritionfacts.org/recipe/balsamic-date-glaze/). But what about all the sugar in dates? See: If Fructose is Bad, What About Fruit? (https://nutritionfacts.org/video/if-fructose-is-bad-what-about-fruit/). The other video I referenced to is Stool pH and Colon Cancer (https://nutritionfacts.org/video/stool-ph-and-colon-cancer/). I did a month-long video series on mammograms. What about colonoscopies? See: Should We All Get Colonoscopies Starting at Age 50? (https://nutritionfacts.org/video/should-we-all-get-colonoscopies-starting-at-age-50). Have a question about this video? Leave it in the comment section at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/benefit-of-dates-for-colon-health and someone on the NutritionFacts.org team will try to answer it. Want to get a list of links to all the scientific sources used in this video? Click on Sources Cited at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/benefit-of-dates-for-colon-health. You’ll also find a transcript and acknowledgments for the video, my blog and speaking tour schedule, and an easy way to search (by translated language even) through our videos spanning more than 2,000 health topics. If you’d rather watch these videos on YouTube, subscribe to my YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=nutritionfactsorg Thanks for watching. I hope you’ll join in the evidence-based nutrition revolution! -Michael Greger, MD FACLM Captions for this video are available in several languages. To find yours, click on the settings wheel on the lower-right of the video and then "Subtitles/CC." Do you have feedback about the translations in this video? Please share it here along with the title of the video and language: https://nutritionfacts.zendesk.com/hc/requests/new To view the subtitles in transcript format, click on the ellipsis button below the video, choose "Open transcript", and select the language you'd like to view them in. Image credit: ferumov / Adobe Stock Photos https://NutritionFacts.org • Subscribe: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe • Donate: https://nutritionfacts.org/donate • Podcast : https://nutritionfacts.org/audio • Facebook: www.facebook.com/NutritionFacts.org • Twitter: www.twitter.com/nutrition_facts • Instagram: www.instagram.com/nutrition_facts_org • Books (including the NEW How Not to Diet Cookbook): https://nutritionfacts.org/books • Shop: https://drgreger.org

Science continues to find the benefits a probiotic-rich diet can have for four key areas of health: your mood, gut health, brain health, and immune system.

Certain types of bacteria in the gut can leverage the immune system to decrease the severity of stroke, according to new research. This finding can help mitigate stroke -- which is the second leading cause of death worldwide.

A single-application bioengineered gel, squirted in the ear canal, could deliver a full course of antibiotic therapy for middle ear infections, making treatment of this common childhood illness much easier and potentially safer, a preclinical study finds.

The best prebiotics and probiotics come from these foods. Nurture your microbiome and good gut bacteria.

Scientists have developed a pioneering new treatment to prevent bacterial skin infections, which could be used in the battle against 'superbugs', such as MRSA.

A new review looks at the evidence behind the effectiveness of complementary or alternative therapies-including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fiber, and herbal medicinal products-for the treatment of bowel disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional constipation, and ulcerative colitis.

A connection between the bacteria living in the gut and immunological disorders such as multiple sclerosis have long been suspected, but for the first time, researchers have detected clear evidence of changes that tie the two together. Investigators have found that people with multiple sclerosis have different patterns of gut microorganisms than those of their healthy counterparts. In addition, patients receiving treatment for MS have different patterns than untreated patients.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of Tuberculosis (TB), infects one third of the world's population and causes substantial mortality worldwide. In its shortest format, treatment of TB requires six months of multidrug therapy with a mixture of broad spectrum and mycobacterial specific antibiotics …

Background: Since the description of the normal human gut microbiome in healthy individuals using broad-range polymerase chain reaction, there has been great advancement in the techniques used to conduct microbiome research and applications of this research across health, gastrointestinal diseases, and nongastrointestinal diseases. Summary and Key

Allergology International is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology and publishes original papers dealing with the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of allergic and related...

Register for Glutenology - The Ultimate Master Class on Going Gluten Free https://www.glutenfreesociety.org/masterclass/ Antibiotics can be a controversial topic. While they can help tremendously for some specific infections in the body, they can also wreak havoc in the gut and beyond when overused or misused...But how far can their damage go? Can they really increase the risk of developing gluten sensitivity and celiac disease? The short answer is yes, but it’s not that simple. To understand the relationship between the two, we first need to take a look at how antibiotics impact the gut and how this can lead to complications and allergies down the road. 00:00 - Introduction to Antibiotics and Your Gut 01:00 - CDC Antibiotic Statistics 06:00 - Is it Viral, Bacterial, or Fungal? 12:00 - Impact of Antibiotics on the Gut 17:00 - Dysbiosis: Bacterial Imbalances 27:00 - Role of the Gut Microbiota 35:00 - Finding the right Probiotic 37:00 - Live Q&A To connect with Dr. Osborne visit: On the web: https://drpeterosborne.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DoctorPeterO... Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/docosborne/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drosborne Twitter: https://twitter.com/glutenology *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This video is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. It is strictly intended for educational purposes only. Additionally, this information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician. Dr. Osborne is not a medical doctor. He does not treat or diagnose disease. He offers nutritional support to people seeking an alternative from traditional medicine. Dr. Osborne is licensed with the Pastoral Medical Association.

The healing powers of honey have been known for thousands of years. Now a researchers has discovered a powerful link between a medicinal type of honey and the destruction of a fungus that can cause blindness or even death.

Bile acids, which are altered by bacteria normally living in the large intestine, inhibit the growth of Clostridium difficile, new research indicates. The work sheds light on the ways in which some commonly used antibiotics can promote C. diff infections by killing off the bile acid-altering microbes.

In a recent study, children with multiple sclerosis had differences in the abundance of specific gut bacteria than children without the disease. Certain types of bacteria were either more or less abundant in children with multiple sclerosis. In particular, there was an association between multiple sclerosis and an increase in gut bacteria that have been linked to inflammation and a decrease in gut bacteria that are considered anti-inflammatory.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is a common autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Currently, there is no cure for MS, and most treatments involve the use of immunosuppressive drugs that can have adverse effects or increased toxicity. Cannabis, commonly known as marijuana, is a product of the Cannabis sativa , and for several centuries has been used as an alternative medicine in many cultures. Cannabis sativa produces over 421 chemical compounds, including about 80 terpenophenols named phytocannabinoids, and include both psychotropic THC and non-psychoactive CBD. In the currently study, we show that a combination therapy using THC and CBD results in amelioration of EAE, an animal model of MS, by reducing hind limb paralysis, decreasing immune cellular infiltration into the brain, and mitigating the presence of inflammatory biomarkers, including gram negative bacteria-associated lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Interestingly, the gut microbiome plays an important role in immune function and studies have shown that it is altered significantly in MS patients. Inasmuch, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on experimental groups to investigate the gut microbiome composition after using a combination of THC and CBD compared to disease controls. Interestingly, we found that EAE mice showed increase in the mucin degrading bacterial species, Akkermansia municiphila , which was significantly reduced in disease mice treated with THC+CBD. Collectively, our data suggests that THC+CBD can ameliorate EAE by preventing accumulation of mucin-degrading bacteria that would lead to increased gut microbial dysbiosis.

Antibiotics may be linked to a serious disruption in brain function, called delirium, and other brain problems, more than previously thought, according to a new article. Delirium causes mental confusion that may be accompanied by hallucinations and agitation. Medications are often the cause of delirium, but antibiotics are not necessarily the first medications doctors may suspect.

Intestinal bacteria that can boost bravery or trigger multiple sclerosis: An increasing body of research results confirms the importance of the “gut-brain axis” for neurology and indicates that the triggers for a number of neurological diseases may be located in the digestive tract.