Exploring the modulatory effect of trehalose-derived galactooligosaccharides on key gut microbiota groups - PubMed
Trehalose (α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-1)-α-D-glucopyranoside) has found applications in diverse food products as a sweetener, stabilizer, and humectant. Recent attention has focused on trehalose due to its contradictory effects on the virulence of Clostridium difficile. In this study, we investigate the …
1 Genetic Determinants of Trehalose Utilization Are Not Associated With Severe Clostridium difficile Infection Outcome | Open Forum Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
Abstract. In a case–control study of patients with Clostridium difficile infection, we found no statistically significant association between the presence of tr
2 Clostridium difficile trehalose metabolism variants are common and not associated with adverse patient outcomes when variably present in the same lineage - eBioMedicine
Trehalose metabolism variants are common in C. difficile. Increases in total dietary trehalose during the early-mid 2000s C. difficile epidemic were likely relatively minimal. Alternative explanations are required to explain why ribotype-027, ribotype-078 and ribotype-017 have been successful.
! One size does not fit all – Trehalose metabolism by Clostridioides difficile is variable across the five phylogenetic lineages | Microbiology Society
Clostridioides difficile , the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea worldwide, is a genetically diverse species which can metabolise a number of nutrient sources upon colonising a dysbiotic gut environment. Trehalose, a disaccharide sugar consisting of two glucose molecules bonded by an α 1,1-glycosidic bond, has been hypothesised to be involved in the emergence of C. difficile hypervirulence due to its increased utilisation by the RT027 and RT078 strains. Here, growth in trehalose as the sole carbon source was shown to be non-uniform across representative C. difficile strains, even though the genes for its metabolism were induced. Growth in trehalose reduced the expression of genes associated with toxin production and sporulation in the C. difficile R20291 (RT027) and M120 (RT078) strains in vitro, suggesting an inhibitory effect on virulence factors. Interestingly, the R20291 TreR transcriptional regulatory protein appeared to possess an activator function as its DNA-binding ability was increased in the presence of its effector, trehalose-6-phosphate. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we report the identification of a putative trehalose metabolism pathway which is induced during growth in trehalose: this has not been previously described within the C. difficile species. These data demonstrate the metabolic diversity exhibited by C. difficile which warrants further investigation to elucidate the molecular basis of trehalose metabolism within this important gut pathogen.
Is there a causal relationship between trehalose consumption and Clostridioides difficile infection - PubMed
Currently, there is no proven causal association between the incidence or severity of human CDI and the presence of trehalose metabolism variants. Furthermore, microbial metabolism reduces trehalose bioavailability, potentially removing this competitive advantage for C. difficile trehalose metabolis …
1 Trehalose-Induced Remodelling of the Human Microbiota Affects Clostridioides difficile Infection Outcome in an In Vitro Colonic Model A Pilot Study
Within the human intestinal tract, dietary, microbial- and host-derived compounds are used as signals by many pathogenic organisms, including Clostridioides difficile. Trehalose has been reported to enhance virulence of certain C. difficile ribotypes; ...
Trehalose is a disaccharide of two D-glucose molecules linked by a glycosidic linkage, which plays both structural and functional roles in bacteria. Trehalose can be synthesized and degraded by several pathways, and induction of trehalose biosynthesis ...
1 Microbial and metabolic impacts of trehalose and trehalose analogues
Trehalose is a disaccharide and fasting-mimetic that has been both canonized and vilified for its putative cardiometabolic and microbial effects. Trehalose analogues are currently under development to extend the key metabolic therapeutic actions of trehalose ...
1 Genetic determinants of trehalose utilization are not associated with severe Clostridium difficile infection outcome
Abstract. In a case–control study of patients with Clostridium difficile infection, we found no statistically significant association between the presence of tr
Antibiotics pave way for C. diff infections by killing bile acid-alter (...)
Bile acids, which are altered by bacteria normally living in the large intestine, inhibit the growth of Clostridium difficile, new research indicates. The work sheds light on the ways in which some commonly used antibiotics can promote C. diff infections by killing off the bile acid-altering microbes.
C. difficile infection - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic
Learn more about this infectious disease that is becoming more common and often affects older adults in a health care facility, often after antibiotic use.
Did a Sugar Called Trehalose Contribute to the Clostridium difficile E (...)
This Medical News article discusses whether trehalose, a sugar manufactured from cornstarch used to sweeten and texturize foods, has contributed to the emergence of epidemic strains of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
Dietary sugar linked to bacterial epidemics Baylor College of Medicin (...)
The increasing frequency and severity of healthcare-associated outbreaks caused by bacterium Clostridium difficile have been linked to the widely used...
Dietary trehalose enhances virulence of epidemic Clostridium difficile (...)
Two hypervirulent ribotypes of the enteric pathogen Clostridium difficile, RT027 and RT078, have independently acquired unique mechanisms to metabolize low concentrations of the disaccharide trehalose, suggesting a correlation between the emergence of these ribotypes and the widespread adoption of trehalose in the human diet.
Clostridium difficile disease has recently increased to become a dominant nosocomial pathogen in North America and Europe, although little is known about what has driven this emergence. Here we show that two epidemic ribotypes (RT027 and RT078) have acquired unique mechanisms to metabolize low conce …
Excess dietary zinc worsens C. diff infection -- ScienceDaily
The consumption of dietary supplements and cold therapies containing high concentrations of zinc is now being called into question, following research that suggests it may worsen Clostridium difficile infection.
Fidaxomicin Use and Clinical Outcomes for Clostridium difficile–Associ (...)
Fidaxomicin has been scrutinized because of its high acquisition cost. Real-world experience is needed to determine whether fidaxomicin has value in patients with Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD) and certain risk factors.In this ...
Food Additive May Be Worsening Clostridium Difficile Epidemic America (...)
C-diff is a bacterium that causes a life-threatening infection. Though the bacterium can infect healthy individuals, it is of particular concern to those who are hospitalized or are taking
Hype or hypervirulence a reflection on problematic C. difficile strains. - PubMed - NCBI
Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) have emerged as a major cause of healthcare associated disease, and recent epidemiological evidence also suggests an important role in community-acquired diarrhea. This increase is associated with specific types, especially PCR ribotypes 027 and 078, which are …
Hyperimmune Bovine Colostrum as a Novel Therapy to Combat Clostridium difficile Infection The Journal of Infectious Diseases Oxford Academic
Abstract. Background. Clostridium difficile is a primary cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea that typically develops when gut microbiota is altered. Convent
Is there a causal relationship between trehalose consumption... Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
c ribotypes of C. difficile harbour mutations or have acquired extra genes that mean these strains can utilize lower concentrations of bioavailable trehalose, providing a competitive metabolic advantage in some CDI animal models. By contrast, evidence has emerged to show that trehalose-induced microbiota changes can help protect/reduce CDI in other models. In addition, C. difficile trehalose metabolic variants are widespread among epidemic and nonepidemic ribotypes alike, and the occurrence of these trehalose variants was not associated with increase disease severity or mortality. Summary Currently, there is no proven causal association between the incidence or severity of human CDI and the presence of trehalose metabolism variants. Furthermore, microbial metabolism reduces trehalose bioavailability, potentially removing this competitive advantage for C. difficile trehalose metabolism variants. Taken together, trehalose consumed as part of a normal diet has no increased risk of CDI....
