The impact of gum arabic (GA), ghatti gum (GG), and sugar beet pectin (SBP) on the digestion rate of emulsified lipids is investigated in vitro under model duodenal digestion condition. The aim was to understand the role of the interfacial layer surrounding the lipid droplets on lipid hydrolysis in order to control lipid digestion. The emulsifier concentration required to provide the same emulsion droplet size decreased in the order: GA > GG > SBP, demonstrating the best emulsifying activity of SBP. The rate and extent of free fatty acid release during lipid digestion did not differ significantly among the three types of gums in emulsions with D[2,3] < 2 μm. However, considerable difference was observed in emulsions with D[2,3] > 2 μm, and the digestive rate decreased in the order: GA > SBP > GG. The difference in digestion rate was attributed to the stability of the emulsified lipid droplets in the stimulated intestinal juice and the resistance of interfacial layer against displacement by bile salts. The difference of resisting against displacement by bile salts for the interfacial layers was detected with bile salts concentration of 0.025 mg/mL, and all of the pre-adsorbed emulsifiers could be completely displaced from interface by bile salts at 5 mg/mL. Emulsions with SBP were susceptible to Ca2+ and Na+ in simulated intestinal juice, resulting in the flocculation and coalescence of emulsion droplets. A reduction of the surface area of lipids would contribute to a slow digestion. Emulsion stabilized by GG was very effective at retarding lipolysis mainly due to the affinity of linked protein moieties of GG and its hydrophobic binding with bile salts. The knowledge gained in the study has important implications in designing proper emulsion-based systems for controlling lipid digestibility at specific sites within the gastrointestinal tract.

What is the Glycocalyx?

Glycosylation engineering is used to generate glycoproteins, glycolipids or proteoglycans with a more defined complement of glycans on their glycoconjugates. For example, a mammalian cell glycosylation mutant lacking a specific glycosyltransferase generates ...

The present opinion deals with the re-evaluation of konjac (E 425), comprising konjac gum (E 425 i) and konjac glucomannan (E 425 ii) when used as food additives. Following the conceptual framework f...

Background. D-tagatose is an isomer of fructose and is &#x007E;90&#x0025; as sweet as sucrose with less caloric value. Nowadays, D-tagatose is used as a nutritive or low-calorie sweetener. Despite clinical findings suggesting that D-tagatose could be beneficial in subjects with type 2 diabetes, there are no experimental data comparing D-tagatose with fructose, in terms of metabolic derangements and related molecular mechanisms evoked by chronic exposure to these two monosaccharides. Materials and methods. C57Bl/6j mice were fed with a control diet plus water (CD), a control diet plus 30&#x0025; fructose syrup (L-Fr), a 30&#x0025; fructose solid diet plus water (S-Fr), a control diet plus 30&#x0025; D-tagatose syrup (L-Tg), or a 30&#x0025; D-tagatose solid diet plus water (S-Tg), during 24 weeks. Results. Both solid and liquid fructose feeding led to increased body weight, abnormal systemic glucose homeostasis, and an altered lipid profile. These effects were associated with vigorous increase in oxidative markers. None of these metabolic abnormalities were detected when mice were fed with both the solid and liquid D-tagatose diets, either at the systemic or at the local level. Interestingly, both fructose formulations led to significant Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) accumulation in mouse hearts, as well as a robust increase in both myocardial AGE receptor (RAGE) expression and NF-&#x03BA;B activation. In contrast, no toxicological effects were shown in hearts of mice chronically exposed to liquid or solid D-tagatose. Conclusion. Our results clearly suggest that chronic overconsumption of D-tagatose in both formulations, liquid or solid, does not exert the same deleterious metabolic derangements evoked by fructose administration, due to differences in carbohydrate interference with selective proinflammatory and oxidative stress cascades.

Pages Introduction Dictionary Economic Alternatives Fucose Galactose Glucosamine Glucose Mannose N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Nacetylgalactosamine Sugar

Improvements in health care and lifestyle have led to an elevated lifespan and increased focus on age-associated diseases, such as neurodegeneration, …

The appearance of the endothelial glycocalyx in Question 18 from the second paper of 2014 demonstrates that this topic has high penetrance and popularity among the college examiners. For a more thorough overview, the pathologically curious reader is directed to Weinbaum et al (2007)- The Structure and Function of the Endothelial Glycocalyx Layer. Additionally, there is an entire website devoted to the activities of a glycocalyx research team, which features professional-looking diagrams and a list of recent publications. For the rest of us, a brief summary will suffice. Owing to certain cognitive defects on the part of the author, the summary offered below can hardly be described as brief. Fortunately, a brilliant LITFL CCC alternative waits to rescue the time-poor exam candidate.

Click here to subscribe - https://www.glutenfreesociety.org/wxrn Here are 10 different ways that sugar can basically destroy your health. A lot of people talk about how sugar is unhealthy, but nobody really ever talks about WHY sugar is unhealthy. I hope that when you walk away from this video you remember these big reasons to help you keep your dietary habits away from sugar. It doesn't matter what everyone else is doing. As your mom and dad probably used to say if everyone else was jumping off a cliff, would you follow them? That's kind of the way our society works right now. Everybody's eating sugar. So that means that everybody can eat sugar and then it's perfectly okay yet heart disease and cancer and diabetes kill more of us virtually than any other condition. And sugar is linked to all three of those diseases. So I feel pretty strongly about not eating sugar the same way I feel about not eating gluten. If you could just take two groups of things and have the best impact on your health overall would be eliminate sugar from your diet today. And it would be also to eliminate gluten if you are a gluten sensitive individual. To connect with Dr. Osborne visit: On the web: https://drpeterosborne.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DoctorPeterO... Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/docosborne/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drosborne Twitter: https://twitter.com/glutenology *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This video is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. It is strictly intended for educational purposes only. Additionally, this information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician. Dr. Osborne is not a medical doctor. He does not treat or diagnose disease. He offers nutritional support to people seeking an alternative from traditional medicine. Dr. Osborne is licensed with the Pastoral Medical Association.

A critical discovery about how bacteria feed on an unusual sugar molecule found in leafy green vegetables could hold the key to explaining how 'good' bacteria protect our gut and promote health. The finding suggests that leafy greens are essential for feeding good gut bacteria, limiting the ability of bad bacteria to colonize the gut by shutting them out of the prime 'real estate.'

Materials resulting from chemical bonding of glucosamine, a type of sugar, with fullerenes, kind of nanoparticles known as buckyballs, might help to reduce cell damage and inflammation occurring after stroke. A team has tested this on mice, opening the door to potential new drugs for the cerebrovascular accident.

CSHL Press publishes monographs, technical manuals, handbooks, review volumes, conference proceedings, scholarly journals and videotapes. These examine important topics in molecular biology, genetics, development, virology, neurobiology, immunology and cancer biology. Manuscripts for books and for journal publication are invited from scientists world wide.

Polysaccharopeptide (PSP), from Coriolus versicolor, has been used widely as an adjuvant to chemotherapy with demonstrated anti-tumor and broad immunomodulating effects. While PSP's mechanism of action still remains unknown, its enhanced immunomodulatory potential with acacia gum is of great interes …

Did you know carbohydrates are part of the cell membrane of every living cell? Learn about how carbohydrates (glycans) work and the important role they play in how cells work! Glycans are one of the largest and most diverse molecules in nature and are key to almost all biological processes. There are many ways scientists can harness carbohydrates to improve human health. The Canadian Glycomics Network (GlycoNet) aims to use the study of carbohydrates to improve human health. Find more information at http://glyconet.ca.

Did you know carbohydrates are part of the cell membrane of every living cell? Learn about how carbohydrates (glycans) work and the important role they play in how cells work! Glycans are one of the largest and most diverse molecules in nature and are key to almost all biological processes. There are many ways scientists can harness carbohydrates to improve human health. The Canadian Glycomics Network (GlycoNet) aims to use the study of carbohydrates to improve human health. Find more information at http://glyconet.ca.

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (TMA) provide an important means for treating diseases that were previously considered untreatable. Currently more than 40 full-size TMAs created primarily based on immunoglobulin G1 are widely used for treating various illnesses. Glycosylation of TMA is among other …

In her talk about sugar and cancer, Stanford Chemistry Professor Carolyn Bertozzi tells us why the sugar coating on our cells is crucial to our health and well-being. Unlike the sugar coating on a peanut M&M, she explains, human cells are covered with complex sugars Bertozzi shows us are, “like foliage swaying in the breeze.” The language these sugars are speaking can tell us everything from what blood type we are to whether we have cancer. Carolyn Bertozzi is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Chemical & Systems Biology and Radiology (by courtesy) at Stanford, and an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She completed her undergraduate degree at Harvard and her doctorate at UC Berkeley. After postdoctoral work at UCSF and a professorship at UC Berkeley, she joined the faculty at Stanford coincident with the launch of Stanford ChEM-H. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at http://ted.com/tedx

Mushrooms have long been used for medicinal and food purposes for over a thousand years, but a complete elucidation of the health-promoting properties of mushrooms through regulating gut microbiota has not yet been fully exploited. Mushrooms comprise ...

Click here to subscribe - https://www.glutenfreesociety.org/wxrn To connect with Dr. Osborne visit: On the web: https://drpeterosborne.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DoctorPeterO... Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/docosborne/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drosborne Twitter: https://twitter.com/glutenology *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This video is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. It is strictly intended for educational purposes only. Additionally, this information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician. Dr. Osborne is not a medical doctor. He does not treat or diagnose disease. He offers nutritional support to people seeking an alternative from traditional medicine. Dr. Osborne is licensed with the Pastoral Medical Association.