Harry Spoelstra (@HarrySpoelstra) on X
Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients
Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients - BMC Neurology
Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients - BMC Neurology
Egyptian researchers analyzed data from over 4 million people and found that nearly 1 in 3 COVID-19 survivors face long-term cognitive or memory problems, while 43% experience persistent fatigue, revealing a major mental health burden from long COVID.
Self-reported health, neuropsychological tests and biomarkers in fully recovered COVID-19 patients vs patients with post-COVID cognitive symptoms: A pilot study | PLOS One
Brain 18F-FDG PET imaging in outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions: findings and associations with clinical characteristics
“Outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions exhibited extensive hypometabolic right fronto-temporal clusters. Patients with more numerous symptoms during the initial phase and with a longer duration of symptoms were at higher risk of persistent brain involvement.”
Outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions exhibited extensive hypometabolic right fronto-temporal clusters. Patients with more numerous symptoms during the initial phase and with a longer duration of symptoms were at higher risk of persistent brain involvement.
Altered auditory brainstem responses are post-acute sequela of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC)
“PASC subjects showed an increased prevalence of tinnitus and more perceived hearing handicaps despite matched peripheral hearing ability, in addition to increased cognitive fatigue, anxiety, and depression.”
PASC subjects showed an increased prevalence of tinnitus and more perceived hearing handicaps despite matched peripheral hearing ability, in addition to increased cognitive fatigue, anxiety, and depression. ABR wave V latency differences between the slow and fast click r
Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19
Exploring the Persistence of the Spike Protein along the Skull-Meninges-Brain Axis and the Neurological Effects of COVID-19
This analysis is supported by numerous videos and illustrations.
Post-COVID-19 Small Fiber Neuropathy as a New Emerging Quality of Life-Threatening Disease: A Systematic Review
“Post-COVID-19 Small Fiber Neuropathy as a New Emerging Quality of Life-Threatening Disease: A Systematic Review”
Post-COVID-19 Small Fiber Neuropathy as a New Emerging Quality of Life-Threatening Disease: A Systematic Review
Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19
Evidence that a COVID-19 infection can induce neurological sequelae.
The SARSCoV2 spike protein can persist in the brain—skull bone marrow and meninges—to induce neurologic damage
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulates & persists in the body for years after infection, especially in the skull-meninges-brain axis, potentially driving long COVID. mRNA vaccines help but cannot stop it.
In mice, it caused inflammation, anxiety, and worsened brain injuries. Vaccines reduced but did not fully eliminate it.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein persists in the skull-meninges-brain axis in COVID-19 patients•Spike protein is sufficient to induce brain pathological and behavioral changes in mice•Spike protein enhances brain vulnerability and exacerbates neurological damage in mice•mRNA vaccines reduce, but do not eliminate, the spike burden
Cross-Section of Neurological Manifestations Among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants—Single-Center Study
“The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 presents a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations."
"Although there is an improvement in the survival rate of patients with COVID-19, the frequency of neurological manifestations increases."
"The occurrence of delirium, cerebrovascular diseases, and ischemic stroke results in higher mortality."
SARS-CoV-2 Invasion and Pathological Links to Prion Disease
Nearly half of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience long-term neurological problems, including brain fog and memory issues.
An infection may accelerate or exacerbate prion diseases like Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, leading to rapid neurodegeneration.
Cognitive profile following COVID-19 infection: Clinical predictors leading to neuropsychological impairment
Covid itself causes cognitive impairment. From 2020, prior to Covid vaccination of any kind:
“In our cohort of COVID-19 patients neurologic manifestations were frequent, including cognitive impairment.”
Driving Under the Cognitive Influence of COVID-19: Exploring the Impact of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Road Safety | Neurology
"The study suggests that acute COVID-19, regardless of Long COVID status, is linked to an increased risk of car crashes presumably due to neurologic changes caused by SARS-CoV-2."