Comprehensive mapping of the signaling events evoked by SARS-CoV-2 variants delta and omicron in human astrocytes
Mechanisms of sex differences in acute and long COVID sequelae in mice
Johns Hopkins scientists found that female mice recovering from COVID showed lasting memory loss and brain inflammation.
The effect was driven by having two X chromosomes, revealing a genetic cause for why long COVID hits women harder.
@keetmuise And we know Covid is causing them…
“I have been experiencing focal seizures since 2021—a year after my first Covid infection. My neurologist told me Covid doesn’t do this & my issues are probably anxiety.”
An Amyloidogenic Fragment of the Spike Protein from SARS-CoV-2 Virus Stimulates the Aggregation and Toxicity of Parkinson’s Disease Protein Alpha-Synuclein
“Overall, our findings raise compelling questions about the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in accelerating or triggering neurodegenerative diseases linked to protein amyloidosis”
A Peripheral Neuron-to-Microglia Signaling Axis Connecting Transient Viral Infection to Persistent Neuroinflammatory States | Research Square
How does a transient viral infection like COVID lead to long lasting neurologic symptoms?
In humans and in animal models, SARS-CoV-2 can damage peripheral sensory nerves in the nose, leaving behind debris that can then trigger inflammation in brain microglia for weeks to months after infection, which can then lead to post-viral neurological symptoms like cognitive dysfunction (brain fog).
The peripheral neuron-to-microglia axis offers a potential explanation for persistent inflammation seen in conditions like Long COVID and ME/CFS.
Scientists Find Shocking Link Between COVID and Alzheimer's — Best Life
My note: THERE IS NOTHING SHOCKING ABOUT THIS. LOOK AT THE STUDIES GOING BACK TO 2020!!!
Abstract WP400: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Accelerates Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementia Through Increased Cerebrovascular Inflammation in hACE2 Mice | Stroke
Lacking focus, tired always? Could be brain fog
“Brain fog may gradually evolve into a slight memory problem, difficulty finding the right word for things, objects, situations and then registering new information.”
A widely held notion is that SARS2 activates our immune systems, causing an inflammatory response in the brain.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Cognitive Dysfunction in Long COVID: A Narrative Review
The molecular mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in Long COVID: A Narrative Review
Normal pressure hydrocephalus associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report - BMC Infectious Diseases
Hydrocephalus secondary to COVID-19 infection | QJM: An International Journal of Medicine | Oxford Academic
Scientists find two brain biomarkers in long COVID sufferers that may be causing cognitive issues
“A new study that is the first to compare inflammation and brain stress responses in long COVID-19 patients with individuals who have fully recovered shows that those with continued brain fog and other cognitive issues have a lower ability to adapt to stress and higher levels of inflammation in their brains.”
A new study that is the first to compare inflammation and brain stress responses in long COVID-19 patients with individuals who have fully recovered shows that those with continued brain fog and other cognitive issues have a lower ability to adapt to stress and higher levels of inflammation in their brains.
Investigating the Neuroimmune, Cerebrovascular, and Cognitive Disturbances Associated with SARS‑CoV‑2 Infection: A Systematic Review of Post‑Acute Outcomes | Research Square
“A systematic review of 73,435 COVID-19 survivors found that 42% had persistent neuroinflammation, 22% had cerebrovascular injury, and 58% had cognitive impairment.”
SARS-CoV-2 affects Alzheimer’s disease
"Patients suffering from COVID-19 have been found to exhibit dementia-related biomarkers.. The findings of this study suggest a potential link between mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection and the initiation or acceleration of brain β-amyloid pathology, and hint at the possibility of an increased future incidence of Alzheimer’s disease subsequent to the COVID-19 pandemic."
Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19
Exploring the Persistence of the Spike Protein along the Skull-Meninges-Brain Axis and the Neurological Effects of COVID-19
This analysis is supported by numerous videos and illustrations.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Offers Clues to Post-COVID ‘Brain Fog’ | UC San Francisco
“Over-Stimulated Immune System May Be Impetus to Cognitive Symptoms, UCSF-Led Study Shows”
SARS-CoV-2 infects neurons and induces neuroinflammation in a non-human primate model of COVID-19
“SARS-CoV-2 infects neurons and induces neuroinflammation in a non-human primate model of COVID-19”
SARS-CoV-2 infects neurons and induces neuroinflammation in a non-human primate model of COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2 infection of the brain: the K18-hACE2 mouse model to illustrate the role and response of the vasculature in neurotropic viral infection
Researchers used mouse model to study how SARS-CoV-2 infects the brain.
The virus targets neurons but spares blood vessels, triggering neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.
"The impact I am seeing on my clients post-COVID is something I hadn’t seen previously in the years I have worked in this field. The cognitive decline post-COVID infection is immense, thus confirming the impact this virus has on the brain..."
"The impact I am seeing on my clients post-COVID is something I hadn’t seen previously in the years I have worked in this field. The cognitive decline post-COVID infection is immense, thus confirming the impact this virus has on the brain..."
COVID-19 will never be like the Flu. Never.
“I have spent hundreds of hours in the microscope looking at the worst viruses can do to the brain, including the Zika virus, HIV, Flu, and others. I've never seen the type of damage SARS-CoV-2 leaves behind after infection with other viruses. “
Neurological complications after COVID-19: A narrative review
Neuroimmune Dysfunction Facilitates COVID-19-Associated Neurological C
A review of the neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-term effects
What We Know About Covid’s Impact on Your Brain?
Brain shrinkage is observed even in mild or asymptomatic cases of Covid and impacts cognition.
Even mild COVID can cause brain shrinkage and affect mental function, new study shows
“Brain changes including shrinkage, weakened connections and poorer performance on thinking and memory tests could explain ‘brain fog’ after COVID – even after ‘mild’ cases.”
Frontiers | The impact of COVID-19 on accelerating of immunosenescence and brain aging
COVID-19 induces chronic inflammation, immunosenescence, and neuroinflammation.
COVID & the BRAIN… a thread 🧵
SARS-CoV-2 infection in microglia and its sequelae: What do we know so far?
“SARS-CoV-2 may infect CNS, affecting microglia and brain cells. • Neuroinflammation from SARS-CoV-2 could lead to long COVID memory issues.”
SARS-CoV-2 may infect CNS, affecting microglia and brain cells.•Neuroinflammation from SARS-CoV-2 could lead to long COVID memory issues.
Long COVID: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulation linked to long-lasting brain effects
“The study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein remains in the brain's protective layers, the meninges, and the skull's bone marrow for up to four years after infection. This persistent presence of the spike protein could trigger chronic inflammation in affected individuals and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.”
The study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein remains in the brain's protective layers, the meninges, and the skull's bone marrow for up to four years after infection. This persistent presence of the spike protein could trigger chronic inflammation in affected individuals and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
Video showing accumulation of spike protein (red) in skull bone marrow from a patient who died from Covid
Video showing accumulation of spike protein (red) in skull bone marrow from a patient who died from Covid
Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis may contribute to the neurological sequelae of COVID-19
Evidence that a COVID-19 infection can induce neurological sequelae.
The SARSCoV2 spike protein can persist in the brain—skull bone marrow and meninges—to induce neurologic damage
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein accumulates & persists in the body for years after infection, especially in the skull-meninges-brain axis, potentially driving long COVID. mRNA vaccines help but cannot stop it.
In mice, it caused inflammation, anxiety, and worsened brain injuries. Vaccines reduced but did not fully eliminate it.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein persists in the skull-meninges-brain axis in COVID-19 patients•Spike protein is sufficient to induce brain pathological and behavioral changes in mice•Spike protein enhances brain vulnerability and exacerbates neurological damage in mice•mRNA vaccines reduce, but do not eliminate, the spike burden