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Hamsters with long Covid exhibits a neurodegenerative signature in the brainstem
Hamsters with long Covid exhibits a neurodegenerative signature in the brainstem
“Using the golden hamster as a model, we provide further evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is neuroinvasive and can persist in the central nervous system, as we found viral RNA and replicative virus in the brainstem after 80 days of infection.”
·biorxiv.org·
Hamsters with long Covid exhibits a neurodegenerative signature in the brainstem
COVID survivors may develop dementia
COVID survivors may develop dementia

“COVID-19 survivors show signs of significant cognitive deficits which could become dementia even a year after having the virus.. The team [in India] found that more than 80% of people tested reported at least one of four symptoms – depression, anxiety, stress and insomnia – ranging from mild to severe.. At least 6.1% of the patients were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment and 4% developed dementia. More than 60% of the patients experienced a loss of taste and smell during the active phase of the infection. This could alter the function of brain areas linked to cognitive ability and emotional well-being.."

COVID-19 survivors show signs of significant cognitive deficits which could become dementia even a year after having the virus1. They also have an increased risk of depression, anxiety and disrupted sleep.
·nature.com·
COVID survivors may develop dementia
Cognitive and psychiatric symptom trajectories 2–3 years after hospital admission for COVID-19: a longitudinal, prospective cohort study in the UK
Cognitive and psychiatric symptom trajectories 2–3 years after hospital admission for COVID-19: a longitudinal, prospective cohort study in the UK
“Participants had worse cognitive scores than would be expected on the basis of their sociodemographic characteristics across all cognitive domains tested (average score 0·71 SD below the mean [IQR 0·16–1·04]; p<0·0001). Most participants reported at least mild depression (263 [74·5%] of 353), anxiety (189 [53·5%] of 353), fatigue (220 [62·3%] of 353), or subjective cognitive decline (184 [52·1%] of 353), and more than a fifth reported severe depression (79 [22·4%] of 353), fatigue (87 [24·6%] of 353), or subjective cognitive decline (88 [24·9%] of 353). Depression, anxiety, and fatigue were worse at 2–3 years than at 6 months or 12 months, with evidence of both worsening of existing symptoms and emergence of new symptoms. Symptoms at 2–3 years were not predicted by the severity of acute COVID-19 illness, but were strongly predicted by the degree of recovery at 6 months”
Participants had worse cognitive scores than would be expected on the basis of their sociodemographic characteristics across all cognitive domains tested (average score 0·71 SD below the mean [IQR 0·16–1·04]; p<0·0001). Most participants reported at least mild depression (263 [74·5%] of 353), anxiety (189 [53·5%] of 353), fatigue (220 [62·3%] of 353), or subjective cognitive decline (184 [52·1%] of 353), and more than a fifth reported severe depression (79 [22·4%] of 353), fatigue (87 [24·6%] of 353), or subjective cognitive decline (88 [24·9%] of 353). Depression, anxiety, and fatigue were worse at 2–3 years than at 6 months or 12 months, with evidence of both worsening of existing symptoms and emergence of new symptoms. Symptoms at 2–3 years were not predicted by the severity of acute COVID-19 illness, but were strongly predicted by the degree of recovery at 6 months
·thelancet.com·
Cognitive and psychiatric symptom trajectories 2–3 years after hospital admission for COVID-19: a longitudinal, prospective cohort study in the UK
Wes Wilson on Twitter
Wes Wilson on Twitter

Study from CAMH found, via PET scans, elevated levels of the protein TSPO, a brain marker of inflammation, in patients with onset of depression in long covid

more than 200 million globally may experience lingering neurological symptoms from COVID, including depression, memory impairment, slower motor control, low motivation and energy, for months to even years due to brain inflammation from long COVID

this along side everything we have learned in the last 2.5 years ( much summarized in the lit review done by Stanford and Yale, linked in the comments ) moves us a step closer in understanding the underlying biological mechanisms behind these symptoms

·twitter.com·
Wes Wilson on Twitter
Long COVID and Dementia: The Link Is Still Elusive | ALZFORUM
Long COVID and Dementia: The Link Is Still Elusive | ALZFORUM
154,000 veterans who had COVID were 1.4 times likelier to have a neurologic condition--memory problems, stroke, neuropathy, mental health disorders, migraines, or seizures--in year following illness. This was true for all COVID cases, from mild to severe.
·alzforum.org·
Long COVID and Dementia: The Link Is Still Elusive | ALZFORUM