This is why there are so many pathogens repeatedly circulating in ways we didn’t see before Covid.

Immune systems can’t fight off the bugs because SarsCov2 damages the immune system.

“COVID-19 leads to considerable long-term changes in the immune system, even in mild cases. The findings could help to better understand the long-term consequences of an infection with SARS-CoV-2.”

“Imagine, in the 1980s...

‘I finally got HIV - just in time for Christmas. And I couldn't be happier. Here's why.’

Think that's a stretch? Covid is sparking what were once AIDS-defining conditions. It's disastrous for the immune system. And every other organ/system of the body.”

“Notably, we also found that activation of RAAS caused substantial damage to the lymph nodes, which hasn't been shown in COVID-19 before," said Beheshti, who is also director of McGowan's Center for Space Biomedicine . "This could explain the long-lasting immune dysregulation seen in survivors of COVID-19 and may contribute to long COVID."

It's also possible that damage to lymph nodes could impair the immune system's ability to detect and destroy cancerous cells, which could potentially help explain the post-pandemic increase in cancer cases.”

“COVID-19 progression and convalescence in common variable immunodeficiency patients show dysregulated adaptive immune responses and persistent type I interferon and inflammasome activation.

…Our results show a broad dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immunity systems during SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent recovery in CVID patients, which gives us a unique insight into the effects of a viral challenge on the different immune cells”

A peptide derived from the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein, named P3, can stimulate a significant portion of human T cells.

This stimulation leads to increased production of inflammatory cytokines and granzyme B.

“This is an excellent series of graphics from @YaleSPH explaining what we do (and don’t) know about Covid’s effect on the immune system.

Much of this is informed by the work of Dr. Akiko Iwasaki (@VirusesImmunity).”

“Part 1 of 2 LaughterinLight PhD is a biomedical researcher, immunologist

• Answering: Can you explain the difference between how COVID affects your immune system vs how HIV affects it? * Feb 2024”

Study in the US followed 1,154 hospitalized COVID-19 patients for 12 months.

It found reactivation of latent viruses like EBV and CMV during acute COVID-19.

Persistent reactivation of certain viruses correlated with Long COVID symptoms.

“Looks like Yale school of public health has finally started to say what I have been repeatedly saying since 2020

1) covid creates longlasting autoimmunity by harming t regs 2) harms adaptive immunity 3) causes immune dysregulation 4) persists etc”

COVID-19 can cause a severe immune response known as a cytokine storm, leading to poor prognosis and potentially fatal outcomes.

The virus triggers excessive infiltration of immune cells, such as macrophages and T-helper 17 cells.

“SARS-CoV-2 can trigger an overactive immune response, leading to the release of large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

This excessive cytokine release can cause widespread inflammation, leading to damage in various organs, including the lungs, heart, and kidneys.”

Severe COVID-19 can cause persistent alterations in the innate immune system, leading to high levels of inflammation even after recovery.

Changes in gene expression in blood-forming stem cells were found, which were passed down to immune cells.

COVID-19 rapidly increases senescent and exhausted T cells, particularly CD4 and CD8 T cells.

Both mild and severe COVID-19 cases showed increased markers of T-cell exhaustion and senescence with more pronounced changes in severe cases.

“Immune Parallels: HIV/AIDS & Long COVID’s Lasting Impact

HIV/AIDS & COVID-19, particularly long COVID, share several significant similarities, especially in terms of viral persistence, T cell damage, immune system dysfunction, & activation of other pathogens. These parallels are important for understanding the long-term effects of both infections and their impact on the immune system…” A thread: