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If there is a viral reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 why did the Stanford Paxlovid trial fail? The drug might be insufficient, or poor penetration in some reservoirs, or inappropriate end points, etc. Dominique Salmon MD PhD
If there is a viral reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 why did the Stanford Paxlovid trial fail? The drug might be insufficient, or poor penetration in some reservoirs, or inappropriate end points, etc. Dominique Salmon MD PhD
“If there is a viral reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 why did the Stanford Paxlovid trial fail? The drug might be insufficient, or poor penetration in some reservoirs, or inappropriate end points, etc. Dominique Salmon MD PhD”
#Viral Persistence#antiviral#Long Covid#Post-Acute Conditions#Paxlovid#treatment#Dominique Salmon MD PhD#Video
·x.com·
If there is a viral reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 why did the Stanford Paxlovid trial fail? The drug might be insufficient, or poor penetration in some reservoirs, or inappropriate end points, etc. Dominique Salmon MD PhD
Multi‐Organ Spread and Intra‐Host Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Support Viral Persistence, Adaptation, and a Mechanism That Increases Evolvability
Multi‐Organ Spread and Intra‐Host Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Support Viral Persistence, Adaptation, and a Mechanism That Increases Evolvability

Autopsies of 15 COVID-19 cases showed SARS-CoV-2 in multiple organs (lungs, heart, liver, etc.) even in non-immunocompromised individuals.

The virus mutated differently in each organ, supporting theories of viral reservoirs and rapid evolution.

#Viral Persistence#Multi-organ spread
·onlinelibrary.wiley.com·
Multi‐Organ Spread and Intra‐Host Diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 Support Viral Persistence, Adaptation, and a Mechanism That Increases Evolvability
Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance - PubMed
Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance - PubMed

“Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance

Altogether, our results suggest that in some individuals, a standard 5-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir starting around the time of symptom onset may not completely eliminate the virus. Thus, after treatment ends, the virus can rebound if an effective adaptive immune response has not fully developed. These findings on the role of target cell preservation and incomplete viral clearance also offer a possible explanation for viral rebounds following other antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV-2.”

Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance
#Viral Persistence#rebound infection#Paxlovid
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance - PubMed
Towards a cure for long COVID: the strengthening case for persistently replicating SARS‐CoV‐2 as a driver of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19
Towards a cure for long COVID: the strengthening case for persistently replicating SARS‐CoV‐2 as a driver of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19
“the strengthening case for persistently replicating SARS-CoV-2 as a driver of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19”
the strengthening case for persistently replicating SARS-CoV-2 as a driver of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
#Long Covid#Post-Acute Conditions#Viral Persistence
·onlinelibrary.wiley.com·
Towards a cure for long COVID: the strengthening case for persistently replicating SARS‐CoV‐2 as a driver of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19
The first report on detecting SARS-CoV-2 inside bacteria of the human gut microbiome: A case series on asymptomatic family members and a child with COVID-19 - PubMed
The first report on detecting SARS-CoV-2 inside bacteria of the human gut microbiome: A case series on asymptomatic family members and a child with COVID-19 - PubMed
“The first report on detecting SARS-CoV-2 inside bacteria of the human gut microbiome: A case series on asymptomatic family members and a child with COVID-19”
The first report on detecting SARS-CoV-2 inside bacteria of the human gut microbiome: A case series on asymptomatic family members and a child with COVID-19
#Gut Bacteria#gut microbiome#Viral Persistence#gastrointestinal
·pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov·
The first report on detecting SARS-CoV-2 inside bacteria of the human gut microbiome: A case series on asymptomatic family members and a child with COVID-19 - PubMed
Viral afterlife: SARS-CoV-2 as a reservoir of immunomimetic peptides that reassemble into proinflammatory supramolecular complexes | PNAS
Viral afterlife: SARS-CoV-2 as a reservoir of immunomimetic peptides that reassemble into proinflammatory supramolecular complexes | PNAS

SARS-CoV-2 peptide fragments can reassemble with dsRNA into proinflammatory complexes, amplifying immune responses.

These complexes trigger cytokine secretion in various cell types, mimicking severe COVID-19 inflammation.

#Viral Persistence#Inflammation#cytokines#immune dysregulation#Immune system#peptide fragments#Post-Acute Conditions#Long Covid
·pnas.org·
Viral afterlife: SARS-CoV-2 as a reservoir of immunomimetic peptides that reassemble into proinflammatory supramolecular complexes | PNAS
👀 NEW: Stunning interview w former director, virologist Robert Redfield:
👀 NEW: Stunning interview w former director, virologist Robert Redfield:

“Stunning interview w former @CDCgov director, virologist Robert Redfield:

COVID vaccines ‘Do not prevent infection & didn’t impact kinetics of pandemic…They don’t work that well, they’re not durable. What does work better is antiviral drug development [EARLY TX!!!] & we haven’t invested heavily there... Annual flu vaccines only work 25-50% of the time. Vaccines…won’t protect us against bird flu.’”

#Viral Persistence#vaccine#antiviral#early treatment#acute Covid#prevention tips#video#Robert Redfield#analysis
·x.com·
👀 NEW: Stunning interview w former director, virologist Robert Redfield:
Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study
Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study
“The findings of this multicohort study indicate that SARS-CoV-2 antigens can be detected in the blood of a substantial proportion of individuals up to 14 months after infection. While approximately one in five asymptomatic individuals was antigen-positive, roughly half of all individuals reporting ongoing cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurologic symptoms were antigen-positive.”
The findings of this multicohort study indicate that SARS-CoV-2 antigens can be detected in the blood of a substantial proportion of individuals up to 14 months after infection. While approximately one in five asymptomatic individuals was antigen-positive, roughly half of all individuals reporting ongoing cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurologic symptoms were antigen-positive.
#Viral Persistence#Long Covid#Post-Acute Conditions
·clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com·
Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study
Evidence is now clear from scientists in the field that this virus persists and even quietly replicates in the colon for years
Evidence is now clear from scientists in the field that this virus persists and even quietly replicates in the colon for years

“Evidence is now clear from scientists in the field that this virus persists and even quietly replicates in the colon for years The question we are beginning to answer: is this virus oncogenic meaning can it lead to cancer in years to come?”

#colon#gastrointestinal#Viral Persistence#cancer#analysis#Discussion
·x.com·
Evidence is now clear from scientists in the field that this virus persists and even quietly replicates in the colon for years
Here is the first randomized trial to show that an antiviral can prevent Long Covid.
Here is the first randomized trial to show that an antiviral can prevent Long Covid.

“Here is the first randomized trial to show that an antiviral can prevent Long Covid.

In the PANORAMIC trial, people randomized to molnupiravir had less risk of Long Covid than people who received no antivirals

My comment in the link below. A short🧵”

#long covid#Viral Persistence#antiviral#molnupiravir#treatment#Covid Prep#analysis#Discussion
·x.com·
Here is the first randomized trial to show that an antiviral can prevent Long Covid.
SARS-CoV-2 antivirals and post-COVID-19 condition
SARS-CoV-2 antivirals and post-COVID-19 condition
“Because SARS-CoV-2 itself is the causative agent of long COVID and because viral persistence is postulated to play a major role in the pathogenesis of the condition, antivirals, which block viral replication, were seen as potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of long COVID.”
Because SARS-CoV-2 itself is the causative agent of long COVID and because viral persistence is postulated to play a major role in the pathogenesis of the condition, antivirals, which block viral replication, were seen as potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of long COVID.
#Viral Persistence#antiviral#treatment#long covid#Covid Prep#molnupiravir
·thelancet.com·
SARS-CoV-2 antivirals and post-COVID-19 condition
"The use of antivirals to reduce the risk of long COVID is grounded in the hypothesis that viral persistence and possible ongoing replication of SARS-CoV-2 are major mechanistic pathways responsible for long COVID..
"The use of antivirals to reduce the risk of long COVID is grounded in the hypothesis that viral persistence and possible ongoing replication of SARS-CoV-2 are major mechanistic pathways responsible for long COVID..

Literally living WITH Covid.

The use of antivirals to reduce the risk of long COVID is grounded in the hypothesis that viral persistence and possible ongoing replication of SARS-CoV-2 are major mechanistic pathways responsible for long COVID

#Viral Persistence#long covid#antiviral#treatment
·x.com·
"The use of antivirals to reduce the risk of long COVID is grounded in the hypothesis that viral persistence and possible ongoing replication of SARS-CoV-2 are major mechanistic pathways responsible for long COVID..
Antiviral therapies for the management of persistent coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised hosts: A narrative review
Antiviral therapies for the management of persistent coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised hosts: A narrative review

ANTIVIRAL THERAPIES FOR PERSISTENT COVID/LONG COVID 83% SUCCESS 70 of 84 cases with the aggravating factor of immunosuppression

The types of treatment were grouped into: Prolonged Antiviral therapy Combination Antivirals Mixed therapy: Antiviral +Antibody

#antiviral#Viral Persistence#long covid
·onlinelibrary.wiley.com·
Antiviral therapies for the management of persistent coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised hosts: A narrative review
Hey, folks. The Chinese government woke up years ago with the repurposing of Azvudine, producing nine billion pills that protected the thymus of their population and specifically targets HIV's Vif protein, preserving the CD4 population. The West chose to rot. End of story.
Hey, folks. The Chinese government woke up years ago with the repurposing of Azvudine, producing nine billion pills that protected the thymus of their population and specifically targets HIV's Vif protein, preserving the CD4 population. The West chose to rot. End of story.

Thread: Hey, folks. The Chinese government woke up years ago with the repurposing of Azvudine, producing nine billion pills that protected the thymus of their population and specifically targets HIV's Vif protein, preserving the CD4 population. The West chose to rot. End of story.

#Azvudine#antiviral#Viral Persistence
·x.com·
Hey, folks. The Chinese government woke up years ago with the repurposing of Azvudine, producing nine billion pills that protected the thymus of their population and specifically targets HIV's Vif protein, preserving the CD4 population. The West chose to rot. End of story.
MENSA, a Media Enriched with Newly Synthesized Antibodies, to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and Latent Viral Reactivation in Long-COVID
MENSA, a Media Enriched with Newly Synthesized Antibodies, to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and Latent Viral Reactivation in Long-COVID

Among other findings of this study, reactivation of viral herpes (EBV/CMV/HSV2) and CONFIRMED PERSISTENT SARS-CoV-2 INFECTIONS

This study is really about the diagnostic tool, and confirmation of viral persistence was part of proving the tool works. This is a step in the direction of a SarsCov2 test similar to HIV test.

#reactivation of other viruses
·medrxiv.org·
MENSA, a Media Enriched with Newly Synthesized Antibodies, to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and Latent Viral Reactivation in Long-COVID
Infective SARS-CoV-2 in Skull Sawdust at Autopsy, Finland
Infective SARS-CoV-2 in Skull Sawdust at Autopsy, Finland

New study shows #SARSCoV2 in skull sawdust at autopsy in 22 deceased persons with confirmed #COVID19.

by PCR (2/22, 9.1%) and by culture (1/22, 4.5%) in skull sawdust, suggesting that live virus is present in tissues postmortem, including bone.

·wwwnc.cdc.gov·
Infective SARS-CoV-2 in Skull Sawdust at Autopsy, Finland
‘Visionary’ study finds inflammation, evidence of Covid virus years after infection
‘Visionary’ study finds inflammation, evidence of Covid virus years after infection
Investigators found long-lasting immune activation months and even years after infection. And, even more concerning, they report what looked like lingering SARS-CoV-2 virus in participants’ guts. Even those who’d had Covid but no continuing symptoms had different results than those who’d never been infected.
Investigators found long-lasting immune activation months and even years after infection. And, even more concerning, they report what looked like lingering SARS-CoV-2 virus in participants’ guts. Even those who’d had Covid but no continuing symptoms had different results than those who’d never been infected.
·statnews.com·
‘Visionary’ study finds inflammation, evidence of Covid virus years after infection