C Difficile

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of hepatic disorders resulting from alcohol abuse, which constitutes the predominant etiology of morbidity and mortality associated with hepatic pathologies globally. Excessive alcohol consumption disrupts the integrity of the intestinal bar …

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a condition associated with a high concentration of uric acid (UA) in the bloodstream and can cause gout and chronic kidney disease. The gut microbiota of patients with gout and HUA is significantly altered compared to that of healthy people. This article focused on the comple …

More recently, attention has turned to the putative role of gut microbiome (GMB) in pathogenesis, symptomatology, treatment response and/or resistance in schizophrenia (SCZ). It is foreseeable that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from SCZ patients (SCZ-FMT) to germ-free mice could represent a …

Although the association between gut dysbiosis (imbalance of the microbiota) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well-known, the simultaneous exploration in gut dysbiosis in fecal and different intestinal sections before and after lupus onset (at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 months old) resulting from th …

Research on the human microbiome is expanding beyond C. difficile, with microbiome-based therapies reaching the clinical trial phase of development for additional disease areas. Investments in this...

Oral EGCG may be a promising strategy for preventing RIII clinically, and warrant further investigation in prospective randomized phase III trials.

With advancement in human microbiome research, an increasing number of scientific evidences have endorsed the key role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by altered diversity and composition, as well as rise of pathobionts influence not on …

Innovation Fund Denmark, Novo Nordisk Foundation, and Helsefonden.

Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota plays an active role in regulating the host's immune system and metabolism, as well as certain pathophysiological processes. Diet is the main factor modulating GI microbiota composition and studies have shown that high fat (HF) diets induce detrimental changes (dysbi …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a very common gastrointestinal disease that, although not as aggressive as tumors, affects patients' quality of life in different ways. The cause of IBS is still unclear, but more and more studies have shown that the characteristics of the gut microbiota, such as di …

Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive pathogen responsible for various conditions from mild diarrhea to severe toxic megacolon and potentially death. Current treatments for C. difficile infection (CDI) rely on antibiotics like vancomycin and metronidazole (MTZ); however, the high doses required often disrupt gut microbiota, leading to a high recurrence rate. Mitomycin C (MMC), a chemotherapy drug approved by the FDA, is known for inducing phage production in lysogenic bacterial strains, effectively targeting the host bacteria. Given that 70% of C. difficile strains harbor prophages, this study investigates MMC's potential to enhance antibiotic efficacy against CDI. Our in vitro experiments indicate that MMC acts synergistically with MTZ to inhibit the growth of C. difficile strain R20291. Furthermore, this combination decreases biofilm-resident vegetative cell resistance and reduces the MTZ concentration needed to kill C. difficile in stool samples ex vivo. In a CDI mouse relapse model, in vivo results show that MMC combined with a low dose of MTZ significantly improves survival rates and reduces fecal spore counts after antibiotic treatment. Overall, these findings suggest that a low-dose combination of MMC and MTZ offers enhanced therapeutic efficacy for CDI, both in vitro and in vivo, and may provide a promising new approach for treatment. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

In summary, this research enhances our current understanding of how gut microbes in patients with Cushing's disease contribute to depression and anxiety, offering novel insights for clinical treatment approaches. Video Abstract.

FMT and multistrain probiotics showed superior efficacy in UC. However, the efficacy of MTTs varies among different IBD subtypes and disease stages; thus, the personalized treatment strategies of MTTs are necessary.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. It can cause various complications, which result in significant morbidity and mortality. There are multiple treatment options available to combat this disease; however, despite this, the incidence …

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=368435, Identifier CRD42022368435.

We present a case of a 50-year-old man with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting with acute diarrhea and fever. He was admitted a month prior for COVID-19, where he received antibiotics for radiographic findings of pneumonia and elevated procalcitonin. In the emergency department, his stool sampl …

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=368435, Identifier CRD42022368435.

The four core concepts of the CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index could be used to predict the severity of Clostrioides difficile infection and all-cause mortality, according to a study presented at IDWeek.

Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota plays an active role in regulating the host's immune system and metabolism, as well as certain pathophysiological processes. Diet is the main factor modulating GI microbiota composition and studies have shown that high fat (HF) diets induce detrimental changes (dysbi …

Nature - Viruses known as bacteriophages are difficult to study, but they are beginning to give up their secrets.

A stay in a hospital might resolve one health challenge. Still, it may introduce another: an intractable infection with Clostridioides difficile (C difficile), wrote an Editors Summary published in the journal Science in October 2024. This bacteria can thrive and produce toxins if antibiotics hinder the normal gut bacteria.

Fecal testing is still very relevant in the practice of gastroenterology and deserves introduction of advanced microbiological and biochemical tests.

Multivalent vaccine tackles C. difficile

We found frequent environmental contamination with EIP in LTCFs. Colonization status of a resident was a strong predictor of higher levels of EIP being recovered from his/her room.

In recent years, there has been a significant rise in both the frequency and severity of Clostridium difficile colitis. This infection presents a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomat...

Acute liver failure (ALF), associated with a clinical fatality rate exceeding 80%, is characterized by severe liver damage resulting from various factors in the absence of pre-existing liver disease. The role of microbiota in the progression of diverse liver diseases, including ALF, has been increas …

An analysis revealed that 29% exhibited reduced susceptibility to reduced vancomycin, underscoring the importance of enhanced monitoring of these strains to inform antibiotic prescribing practices.

The disruption of gut microbiota caused by antibiotics favors the intestinal colonization of Clostridioides difficile - a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that causes potentially fatal gastrointestinal infections. In an endeavor to elucidate the complexities of the gut-brain a …

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of antibiotic-associated colitis. C. difficile proliferates and produces toxins that damage the colonic epithelium, leading to symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to severe pseudomembranous colitis. The host's innate response t …

The winter season is known to be a host for many different viruses