C Difficile

Clostridioides difficile, a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, is the primary cause of hospital antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Key virulence factors, toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB), significantly contribute to C. difficile infection (CDI). Yet, the specific impact of these toxins, particularly on ent …

Clostridioides difficile has rapidly become a major cause of nosocomial infectious diarrhea worldwide due to the misuse of antibiotics. Our previous study confirmed that RT046/ST35 strain is associated with more severe clinical symptoms compared to RT012/ST54 strain. We conducted genome comparison o …

Here, we explore the relationship between dietary fibers, colonic epithelium major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) expression, and immune cell interactions in regulating susceptibility to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). We find that a low-fiber diet increases MHC-II expression …

C. difficile NAAT+/toxin- status was associated with subsequent toxin positivity, especially after antibiotic receipt, though absolute risk was low overall. Further research is needed to determine whether and for whom presumptive treatment might be beneficial.

C. difficile infections impact thousands of individuals every year many of whom experience recurring infections. Clinical studies have reported an unexplained correlation between some clades / ribotypes of C. difficile and disease severity / recurrence. Here, we demonstrate that C. …

Enteral administration of vancomycin is the standard treatment for Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile) colitis and is presumed to have no systemic absorption. In critically ill patients, however, especially with multi-organ failure, enteral absorption of vancomycin is unpr …

NACCHO’s CEO Lori Tremmel Freeman discusses efforts and emphasizes the need for federal support and coordination.

Significant value can be offered through the incorporation of stewardship concepts into infection guidelines, but we must also address the risk and challenges it may impose on health care systems.

Among adults tested for C. difficile, nucleic acid amplification test positive/toxin negative status was associated with later toxin positivity, though abs

This study investigated the protective effects of the dietary polyphenol vanillic acid (VA) on dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice, focusing on its impact on the gut microbiota and inflammatory responses. VA was supplemented following dextran sulfate sodium administr …

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the predisposing factors, disease course, potential complications, role of primary prophylaxis, and overall clinical outcomes of Clostr...

The global high prevalence of COVID-19 is a major challenge for health professionals and patients. SARS-CoV-2 virus has four structural protein components: the spike protein, envelope protein, membrane protein, and nucleocapsid protein. The ...

Many patients with COVID-19 develop brain fog and other cognitive symptoms months later. Their cerebrospinal fluid may hold clues to why this is happening.

Many bacterial toxins exert their cytotoxic effects by enzymatically inactivating one or more cytosolic targets in host cells. To reach their intracellular targets, these toxins possess functional domains or subdomains that interact with and exploit various host factors and biological processes. Des …

This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06030219.

Optimizing antimicrobial use in palliative oncology care requires a multidisciplinary approach that prioritizes patient-centered goals, minimizes harm, and addresses misconceptions about antibiotic efficacy in end-of-life care. Antimicrobial stewardship programs, when tailored to palliative settings …

A decrease in outpatient antibiotic prescriptions with known risk of developing CDI was associated with a decrease in hospital CDI admission prevalence. Our ecological analysis indicates that rational and restrained antibiotic use in the outpatient setting may reduce the incidence of CDI in the popu …

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is common after antibiotic exposure and presents significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs worldwide. The rising incidence of recurrent CDI, driven by hypervirulent strains, widespread antibiotic use and increased community transmis …

Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) is a major cause of increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Fecal-microbiota-based therapies are recommended for rCDI on completion of standard-of-care (SoC) antibiotics to prevent further recurrence: these therapies include conventio …

In-hospital incidence of CDI in HSCT patients was significantly decreased with OVP. Randomized controlled trials are needed in this high-risk population to assess the efficacy and risks of OVP for CDI.

CEO Lori Tremmel Freeman discusses NACCHO's capacity-building programs and strategies to strengthen local health departments in addressing evolving public health threats.

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the predisposing factors, disease course, potential complications, role of primary prophylaxis, and overall clinical outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in cancer patients. Methods The study was conducted at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. We analyzed the medical records of cancer patients diagnosed with CDI from July 2015 to July 2024 and collected data about demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, predisposing factors, treatment, complications, and mortality rates. We used SPSS version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) for data analysis. Results Out of 61 patients, 55.7% (n=34) were men, and most of the patients belonged to the age group of 41-65 years (49.1%; n=30). Of the patients, 34.4% (n=21) had underlying hematological malignancy, while the majority of patients (63.9%; n=39) had underlying solid organ malignancy. A total of 45.9% (n=28) of patients had mild severity, whereas 16.3% (n=10) and 6.55% (n=4) were at severe and fulminant stages of CDI, respectively. The creatinine levels of 80.3% (n=49) of patients were less than 1.5 mg/dL. We also observed the prior antimicrobial use, previous hospitalization within the last four weeks, recent chemotherapy, and use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)/H2 antagonists in the past four weeks as predisposing factors in 78.6% (n=48), 72.1% (n=44), 55.7% (n=34), and 75.4% (n=46) of patients, respectively. A greater proportion of patients (68.8%; n=42) had hospital/ICU stays of less than 15 days. Of the patients, 29.6% (n=18) had comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension (HTN), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hepatitis, and atrial fibrillation. Oral vancomycin was administered as the primary treatment in 78.6% (n=48) of patients. We noted the resolution of symptoms in 91.8% (n=56) of patients, while 83.6% (n=51) of patients developed no complications. Additionally, the radiological findings of the patients were negative for toxic megacolon. Moreover, 4.91% (n=3) of patients had recurrent infections, whereas all-cause 30-day mortality was 13.1% (n=8). The mortality rate was higher in patients with solid organ tumors (17.9%; n=7) as compared to those having hematological malignancy (4.76%; n=1). Regression analysis showed that recent chemotherapy had an odds ratio (OR) of 11.550 (95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.332-100.9; p=0.998). Conclusion Cancer patients, especially those with solid tumors presenting with symptoms suggestive of CDI and prior chemotherapy exposure, need careful evaluation and preemptive treatment as CDI-related mortality is higher in cancer patients. Early diagnosis and treatment in this population can be lifesaving. Moreover, all cancer patients should receive CDI prophylaxis when indicated.

Mary Rochelle Smith, MD, Julie J Lee, MD, and Amy Chang, MD, PharmD, share expert strategies for implementing effective clinical decision support tools in practice.

Las Vegas Nevada United States As per DelveInsight s assessment globally Clostridium Difficile Infections pipeline constitutes 20 key companies continuously working towards developing 22 Clostridium Difficile Infections treatment therapies analysis of Clinical Trials Therapies Mechanism of Action Route of Administration ...

Here, we explore the relationship between dietary fibers, colonic epithelium major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) expression, and immune…

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of pathogens allows tracking of mutations across populations, enabling mapping of isolate relatedness and supporting detailed u...

The panelist discusses how recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections involve complex differential diagnosis, including persistent infection, reinfection, and other gastrointestinal conditions. Definitive diagnosis requires molecular and immunological testing of stool samples to detect toxin genes and active toxin production.

CDI recurrence rates among cancer patients remain significant. Nonetheless, fidaxomicin and other preventive strategies are seldom used. We identified several factors that could inform the implementation of these strategies in cancer patients.

Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of nosocomial diarrhea. As current antibiotic treatment failures and recurrence of infections are highly frequent, alternative strategies are needed for the treatment of this disease. This study explores the use of bacteriocins, specifically lacticin …