C Difficile

High-risk patients in the ICU had a higher mortality rate and a lower cure rate of CDI. Further research is required to provide more accurate prediction scoring systems and better clinical outcomes.

Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe that is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Type IV pili (T4P) are elongated appendages on the surface of C. difficile that are polymerized from many pilin proteins. T4P play an i …

McMaster Children’s Hospital wants your kids’ poop — so they can add it to their collection of frozen stool and use it to help other children.

The pathogenic mechanisms underlying distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN), a common neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), are not fully understood. Here, we discover that the gut microbiota from patients with DSPN can induce a phenotype exhibiting more severe peripheral neuropathy in …

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a common hepatobiliary complication resulting from long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients with intestinal failure. The spectrum of IFALD ranges from cholestasis, steatosis, portal fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Development of IFALD is a multi …

The evidence for FMT in the treatment of chronic pouchitis is sparse which limits any recommendations being made for its use in clinical practice. Current evidence from low-quality studies suggests a variable clinical response and remission rate but the treatment is well tolerated with a good safety …

Pressure-overloaded left ventricular remodeling in young population is progressive and readily degenerate into heart failure. The aims of this study were to identify a plasma metabolite that predicts and is mechanistically linked to the disease. Untargeted metabolomics determined elevated plasma kyn …

Fecal microbiota transplantation combined with anti-PD-1 is safe in melanoma in the first-line setting.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, that includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), having progressively increasing global incidence. Disturbed intestinal flora has been highlighted as an important feature of IBD and offers promi …

A new next-generation probiotic, Christensenella minuta was first discovered in 2012 from healthy human stool and described under the phylum Firmicutes. C. minuta is a subdominant commensal bacterium with highly heritable properties that exhibits mutual interactions with other h …

These findings indicate that omega-3 PUFAs ameliorate androgen-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gut microbiota plays a key role in the regulation of omega-3-mediated IR protective effects in polycystic ovary syndrome mice. Moreover, omega-3 PUFA-regulated improvements in the ovarian dysfunction …

The bi-directional interaction between gut microbiota and the central nervous system has been coined the gut microbiota-brain axis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the administration of a solution of fecal matter from a donor into the intestinal tract of a recipient. Preclinical FMT experi …

Data show these cases pose some of the most significant threats to patients and health systems.

Immunosuppression was instigator in rare opportunistic infection in this setting

Objectives: The bacterial microbiota is well-recognised for its role in Clostridioides difficile colonization and infection, while fungi and yeasts remain understudied. The aim of this study was to analyse the mycobiota and its interactions with the bacterial microbiota in light of C. difficile colonization and infection. Methods: The mycobiota was profiled by ITS2 sequencing of faecal DNA from infected patients (CDI; n = 29), asymptomatically colonised patients (CDC; n = 38) and hospitalised controls with C. difficile negative stool culture (Controls; n = 38). Previously published 16S rRNA gene sequencing data of the same cohort were used additionally for machine learning and fungal-bacterial network analysis. Results: CDI patients were characterised by a significantly higher abundance of Candida spp. (MD 0.270 +/- 0.089, P = 0.002) and Candida albicans (MD 0.165 +/- 0.082, P = 0.023) compared to Controls. Additionally, they were deprived of Aspergillus spp. (MD -0.067 +/- 0.026, P = 0.000) and Penicillium spp. (MD -0.118 +/- 0.043, P = 0.000) compared to CDC patients. Network analysis revealed a positive association between several fungi and bacteria in CDI and CDC, although the analysis did not reveal a direct association between Clostridioides spp. and fungi. Furthermore, the microbiota machine learning model outperformed the models based on the mycobiota and the joint microbiota-mycobiota model. The microbiota classifier successfully distinguished CDI from CDC (AUROC = 0.884) and CDI from Controls (AUROC = 0.905). Blautia and Bifidobacterium were marker genera associated with CDC patients and Controls. Conclusions: The gut mycobiota differs between CDI, CDC, and Controls, and may affect Clostridioides spp. through indirect interactions. The identification of bacterial marker genera associated with CDC and controls warrants further investigation. Although the mycobiota's predictive value of C. difficile status was low, fungal-bacterial interactions might be considered when diagnosing and treating C. difficile infection. ### Competing Interest Statement This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, ZonMw Grant 522008007.

Amber Specialty Pharmacy, an innovator and leader in the specialty pharmacy industry, has been selected as one of only two pharmacies nationally selec

In recent years, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has become an important treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumors, however, it only benefits about 1/3 of patients. Since the microbiome has been shown to play an important role in the human body for a long time, a growing number of stud …

Ph.D. student Adrianne Gladden-Young uses her research to reduce racial health disparities and create pathways for scientists from underrepresented groups.

MicroRNA has shown the potential to more effectively and accurately identify C. difficile infections and manage it after diagnosis.

Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that results in 220,000 infections, 12,000 deaths, and upwards of $1 billion in medical costs in the United States each year. C. difficile is highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics, but we have a poor understanding of how C. di …

Clostridium difficile (CD) is known to be pathogenic when the balance of intestinal microbiota is disrupted by the administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Therefore, CD enteritis ...

The presence of certain bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract may limit the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment for Clostridioides difficile.

yFMT could reshape the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites, maintain gut barrier integrity, and improve muscle mitochondrial dysfunction, eventually alleviating sarcopenia in aged rats. yFMT might be a new therapeutic strategy for age-related sarcopenia.

In patients receiving CPB, disturbances in gut mirobiota contributes to the development of PND possibly in relation with inflammatory response.

Summary Seres Therapeutics and Nestlé Health Science received FDA approval for VOWST, a drug to prevent recurrent C. difficile infection, triggering a $125M payment from Nestlé to Seres.Seres reported a Q1 2023 net loss of $71.2M, up from a $56.6M loss in Q1 2022, with increased expenses due to VOWST development and manufacturing costs.The company ...

The Peggy Lillis Foundation (PLF) for C diff Education & Advocacy has been busy this year in Washington DC with an FDA event and their Summit and Advocacy Day with lawmakers.

Here is a brief report of 5 cases of the use of fecal microbiota, live-jslm (Rebyota) in the management of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection.

Hamilton Health Sciences’ (HHS) McMaster Children’s Hospital (MCH) has opened Canada’s first pediatric stool bank. The healthy stool samples are used to create a treatment for the recurring gut infection Clostridium difficile, or C. diff, in children when antibiotics haven’t worked. This treatment has become a common procedure in adults but MCH is on the leading edge of using it for children.

Overuse of antibiotics increases adverse side effects, including C diff

This is the first epidemiological study associating Cdiff with an increased risk for colon cancer. Future studies should further evaluate this relationship.