C Difficile

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven to be an effective treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) in both adult and pediatric patients. However, as microbiome development is a critical factor in children, it remains unclear whether adult fecal donors can provide …

Introduction. Environmental surveillance for Clostridioides difficile is challenging. There are no internationally agreed recommendations on which method should be used when environmental surveillance is undertaken. Aim. To compare the detection of C. difficile by RT-PCR to culture-based methods and to determine which is more sensitive and specific in the clinical environment. Methods. Forty-four near-patient areas of C. difficile -positive patients were sampled using contact plates and moistened flocked swabs. Results. Detection using moistened flocked swabs followed by RT-PCR or culture detected more C. difficile than contact plates. The sensitivity and specificity of a RT-PCR assay for tcdB compared to the culture methods was 76 and 91 %, respectively. Conclusion. Despite the lower sensitivity and specificity, RT-PCR could potentially offer a more rapid and practical alternative.

Attendees at the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) 2023 Spring Conference heard presentations about using electronic health records to identify cases of Clostridioides difficile earlier, as well as an update about infection control strategies.

In a new Annals "Beyond the Guidelines" feature, an infectious diseases specialist and a gastroenterologist discuss the benefits and risks of different treatment approaches for Clostridioides difficile ...

### What you need to know An older woman with moderate stage dementia living in a long term care home has new confusion and slurred speech. Her nurse notes an “unusual smell” while collecting a urine specimen and sends it for culture testing to the microbiology laboratory. The care home physician is notified that afternoon of the clinical finding and performs a focused examination, which is unremarkable, and then signs off the urine culture order. The urine culture returns with significant growth of Escherichia coli and the woman is prescribed a course of antibiotics. Five days later, she experiences an acute decline in her clinical status, including worsening dysarthria and right sided weakness, and is transferred to hospital, where a stroke is diagnosed. Focusing on a diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI), despite the absence of correlating symptoms, has resulted in delayed recognition of stroke symptoms and timely treatment. Overdiagnosis of UTI is one of the most common reasons for unnecessary use of antibiotics in long term care, including nursing and care homes.1 Most residents in these settings who have a positive result on urine culture testing do not actually have a UTI but rather asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), defined as the presence of significant levels of bacteria isolated in the urine (greater than 105 colony forming units/mL) in the absence of localising symptoms of UTI, …

There was no difference in the incidence rates of HA-CDI between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 periods at our institution.

Molecular Psychiatry - A systematic review exploring the association between the human gut microbiota and brain connectivity in health and disease

Outpatient-AMS-efforts-at-many-medical-centers-took-a-back-seat-during-the-COVID-19-pandemic-but-now-is-a-good-time-to-revamp-them-presenters-said-at-the-2022-ACCP

/PRNewswire/ -- Why do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exacerbate gastrointestinal infections by Clostridioides difficile, the leading cause of...

A recent article in USA Today proclaimed that we are *this* far away from no longer having working antibiotics, a cataclysmic development that would pose "an existential threat for modern medicine."

This systematic review shows that the administration of probiotics has moderate preventive or mitigating effects on the occurrence of VAP in ICU patients, CDI, AAD, and nosocomial infections among children. Consequently, applying antibiotics along with the proper probiotic species can be advantageou …

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Multi-omics analysis allows for an in-depth view of the molecular dynamics of a microbial ecosystem. The study evaluates if different omics data types show similar results or if each of them provides...

The Infectious Diseases Society of America/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and the American College of Gastroenterology recently released updated guidelines on management of patients with Clostridioides difficile infection. Although these 2 guidelines generally agree, there are …

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells mainly found in the mucosa and peripheral blood. We have recently demonstrated that Clostridioides difficile activates MAIT cell in vitro. However, their role in the pathogenesis of C. difficile infection (CDI) in human patients rem …

EXPAND Cdiff international group of infectious disease specialists propose changing criteria for initial and sustained response to antibiotic treatment.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) incidence has increased over the last 20 years. Studies suggest that asymptomatic carriers may be an important reservoir of C. difficile in healthcare settings. We conducted a point prevalence study to estimate the toxigenic C. difficile …

The incidence of septicemia is high after CDI, particularly after hospital-onset infection. Additional preventive measures are needed to reduce infectious complications of CDI.

Clostridioides difficile, or C. diff , is an anaerobic bacterium that lives within the gut of many mammals and causes infectious diarrhea. C. difficile is able to survive outside of the gut and transmit to new hosts by forming dormant spores. It is known that the pH of the intes …

A Mayo Clinic study shows FMT may provide benefit for patients experiencing recurrent infections during their C difficile treatment.

CDI is difficult to contain in health care settings because some patients are unknowing carriers of the toxigenic strains of the infection.

Decreased muscle mass and function, also known as sarcopenia, is common in patients with cirrhosis and is associated with a poor prognosis. Although the pathogenesis of this disorder has not been fully elucidated, a disordered gut-muscle axis probably plays an important role. Decreased barrier funct …

Therapy for C. difficile infections includes the use of antibiotics, immunosuppressors, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). However, these treatments have several drawbacks, including the loss of colonization resistance, promotion of autoimmune disorders, and the potential for unknown …

Stoma reversal surgery can result in moderate rate of in-hospital CDI. Time-to stoma reversal is a crucial variable significantly related with this adverse outcome.

The gut microbiome is an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and may improve machine learning prediction of AD status.

A growing number of human gut microbiome studies consistently describe differences between human populations. Here, we review how factors related to h…

Karl Alex Hedin (Technical University of Denmark) talks about the potential role of genetically engineering Saccharomyces boulardii to produce an anti-obesity peptide.

A newly developed Clostridioides difficile-selective growth broth, which can be cultured under aerobic conditions, was found to have a sensitivity/specificity (98%/89%) comparable to conventional anaerobic culture methods. This might be a powerful tool for diagnosing Clostridioides difficile infecti …

In the surveillance of outbreaks of Clostridioides difficile infection, the rapid detection and diagnosis of C. difficile remain a major challenge. Polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) is a nucleic acid amplification technique that uses mixed primers and the strand displacement activity of Bst DNA polym …

Comparison of Microdroplet Digital PCR Assays with Real-time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR for Clostridioides difficile Detection