0 Glyconutrients

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the major joint diseases, and the synovial inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of OA. Glucosamine (GlcN) is widely used as a dietary supplement for OA, and is expected to exert the antiinflammatory action in OA. However, the detailed mechanism for the antiinflammatory action of GlcN remains poorly understood. In this study, to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the GlcN-medicated regulation of synovial cell activation, we comprehensively analyzed the effect of GlcN on the gene expression using a human synovial cell line MH7A by DNA microarray. The results indicated that GlcN significantly downregulates the expression of 187 genes (≤1/1.5-fold) and upregulates the expression of 194 genes (≥1.5-fold) in IL-1β-stimulated MH7A cells. Interestingly, pathway analysis indicated that among the 10 pathways into which the GlcN-regulated genes are categorized, the 4 pathways are immune-related. Furthermore, GlcN suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes (such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-24 and TNF-α genes). In addition, GlcN-mediated O-GlcNAc modification was involved in the downregulation of TNF-α and IL-8 genes but not IL-6 and IL-24 genes, based on the effects of alloxan, an O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitor. Thus, GlcN likely exerts an antiinflammatroy action in OA by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes in synovial MH7A cells by O-GlcNAc modification-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

The main effects of different drying procedures: spray-, industrial freeze-, refractance window- and radiant zone-drying, on acemannan, the main bioac…

Eating seaweed salad may boost the efficacy of vaccinations and help treat cold sores, herpes, Epstein-Barr virus, and shingles. Subscribe to NutritionFacts.org’s free newsletter to receive our B12 infographic that covers the latest research takeaways and Dr. Greger’s updated recommendations: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe/ What else can seaweed salad do (other than tasting yummy)? See Wakame Seaweed Salad May Lower Blood Pressure (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/wakame-seaweed-salad-may-lower-blood-pressure). In general sea vegetables are good sources of iodine (Iodine Supplements Before, During, and After Pregnancy (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/iodine-supplements-before-during-and-after-pregnancy/)) and may be one reason Japanese women have historically had such low rates of breast cancer (Which Seaweed is Most Protective Against Breast Cancer?(http://nutritionfacts.org/video/which-seaweed-is-most-protective-against-breast-cancer/)). What else can we do to boost our immunity? Check out: • Using the Produce Aisle to Boost Immune Function (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/using-the-produce-aisle-to-boost-immune-function/) • Preserving Athlete Immunity with Chlorella (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/preserving-athlete-immunity-with-chlorella-2/) • Preserving Immune Function in Athletes With Nutritional Yeast (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/preserving-immune-function-in-athletes-with-nutritional-yeast/) • Benefits of Green Tea for Boosting Antiviral Immune Function (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/benefits-of-green-tea-for-boosting-antiviral-immune-function) Have a question about this video? Leave it in the comment section at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-to-boost-your-immune-system-with-wakame-seaweed and someone on the NutritionFacts.org team will try to answer it. Want to get a list of links to all the scientific sources used in this video? Click on Sources Cited at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-to-boost-your-immune-system-with-wakame-seaweed. You’ll also find a transcript of the video, my blog and speaking tour schedule, and an easy way to search (by translated language even) through our videos spanning more than 2,000 health topics. If you’d rather watch these videos on YouTube, subscribe to my YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=nutritionfactsorg Thanks for watching. I hope you’ll join in the evidence-based nutrition revolution! -Michael Greger, MD FACLM Image credit: mroach via flickr. Image has been modified. https://NutritionFacts.org • Subscribe: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe • Donate: https://nutritionfacts.org/donate • Podcast : https://nutritionfacts.org/audio • Facebook: www.facebook.com/NutritionFacts.org • Twitter: www.twitter.com/nutrition_facts • Instagram: www.instagram.com/nutrition_facts_org • Books (including the NEW How Not to Diet Cookbook): https://nutritionfacts.org/books • Shop: https://drgreger.org

The purpose of this investigation was to develop a new method for extracting polysaccharides from Aloe vera, considering their inhibitory effectivenes…

Five cents worth of seaweed a day may dramatically improve a major cause of disability and compromised quality of life among women. Subscribe to NutritionFacts.org’s free newsletter to receive our B12 infographic that covers the latest research takeaways and Dr. Greger’s updated recommendations: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe/ I’m so glad I finally got an endometriosis video out. I think the only other video I touch on it is What Diet Best Lowers Phthalate Exposure? (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/what-diet-best-lowers-phthalate-exposure). I’ve also been neglecting sea vegetables. I did do Which Seaweed is Most Protective Against Breast Cancer? (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/which-seaweed-is-most-protective-against-breast-cancer/) and more recently, Wakame Seaweed Salad May Lower Blood Pressure (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/wakame-seaweed-salad-may-lower-blood-pressure) with more on the way. I’d recommend staying away from kelp and hijiki, though. See Too Much Iodine Can Be as Bad as Too Little (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/too-much-iodine-can-be-as-bad-as-too-little/). Other natural remedies for menstrual problems include • Dietary Treatment for Painful Menstrual Periods (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/dietary-treatment-for-painful-menstrual-periods/) • Flax Seeds for Breast Pain (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/flax-seeds-for-breast-pain/) • Ginger for Nausea, Menstrual Cramps, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/ginger-nausea-menstrual-cramps-irritable-bowel-syndrome/) • Fennel Seeds for Menstrual Cramps and PMS (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/fennel-seeds-for-menstrual-cramps-and-pms/) Have a question about this video? Leave it in the comment section at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-to-treat-endometriosis-with-seaweed and someone on the NutritionFacts.org team will try to answer it. Want to get a list of links to all the scientific sources used in this video? Click on Sources Cited at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-to-treat-endometriosis-with-seaweed. You’ll also find a transcript of the video, my blog and speaking tour schedule, and an easy way to search (by translated language even) through our videos spanning more than 2,000 health topics. If you’d rather watch these videos on YouTube, subscribe to my YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=nutritionfactsorg Thanks for watching. I hope you’ll join in the evidence-based nutrition revolution! -Michael Greger, MD FACLM Image credit: kreuzfeld via pixabay. Image has been modified. https://NutritionFacts.org • Subscribe: https://nutritionfacts.org/subscribe • Donate: https://nutritionfacts.org/donate • Podcast : https://nutritionfacts.org/audio • Facebook: www.facebook.com/NutritionFacts.org • Twitter: www.twitter.com/nutrition_facts • Instagram: www.instagram.com/nutrition_facts_org • Books (including the NEW How Not to Diet Cookbook): https://nutritionfacts.org/books • Shop: https://drgreger.org

This manuscript revals that the aqueous extraction methods with and without citric acid could produce such hyperlipidaemic and antioxidative polysaccharides from L. japonica.

Introduction and Objectives: Annually one million newborns die due to the umbilical cord infection. Thus, in this study, we aimed toevaluate the effect of topical aloe vera gel on umbilical cord complications. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in maternity ward of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran The samples were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly divided into three groups of aloe vera, control, and placebo. For data analysis, One-way ANOVA test was conducted. Results: Comparison of cord condition between the groups showed significant differences between the three groups. In the placebo group, the number of infants with redness around the cord was significantly higher compared to the control (P=0.002) and aloe vera (P=0.002) groups. In addition, cord swelling was significantly more frequent in the placebo group than the control (P=0.002) and aloe vera (P=0.002) groups. The incidence of cord infection was significantly higher in the placebo group than the control (P=0.000) and aloe vera (P=0.000) groups. The occurrence of infection in the umbilical cord of the newborns in the placebo group was significantly more compared to the control (P=0.000) and aloe vera (P=0.000) groups. Conclusion: Topical aloe vera gel accelerated cord separation and reduced the rates of complications and infections.

Beside biomaterials’ bulk properties, their surface properties are equally important to control interfacial biocompatibility. However, due to the inadequate interaction with tissue, they may cause foreign body reaction. Moreover, surface induced thrombosis can occur when biomaterials are used for blood containing applications. Surface modification of the biomaterials can bring enhanced surface properties in biomedical applications. Sulfated polysaccharide coatings can be used to avoid surface induced thrombosis which may cause vascular occlusion (blocking the blood flow by blood clot), which results in serious health problems. Naturally occurring heparin is one of the sulfated polysaccharides most commonly used as an anticoagulant, but its long term usage causes hemorrhage. Marine sourced sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan is an alternative anticoagulant without the hemorrhage drawback. Heparin and fucoidan immobilization onto a low density polyethylene surface after functionalization by plasma has been studied. Surface energy was demonstrated by water contact angle test and chemical characterizations were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface morphology was monitored by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Finally, their anticoagulation activity was examined for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT).

Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug that leads to severe hepatotoxicity at excessive doses. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown seaweeds, possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties. However, the impacts of fucoidan on APAP-induced liver injury have not been sufficiently addressed. In the present study, male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice aged 6 weeks were subjected to a single APAP (500 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection after 7 days of fucoidan (100 or 200 mg/kg/day) or bicyclol intragastric administration. The mice continued to be administered fucoidan or bicyclol once per day, and were sacrificed at an indicated time. The indexes evaluated included liver pathological changes, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) in the liver, and related proteins levels (CYP2E1, pJNK and Bax). Furthermore, human hepatocyte HL-7702 cell line was used to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of fucoidan. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) translocation in HL-7702 cells were determined. The results showed that fucoidan pretreatment reduced the levels of ALT, AST, ROS, and MDA, while it enhanced the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT activities. Additionally, oxidative stress-induced phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and decreased MMP were attenuated by fucoidan. Although the nuclear Nrf2 was induced after APAP incubation, fucoidan further enhanced Nrf2 in cell nuclei and total expression of Nrf2. These results indicated that fucoidan ameliorated APAP hepatotoxicity, and the mechanism might be related to Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress.

Aloe vera is a traditional wound‑healing medicine used for the treatment of skin disorders. Aloe polysaccharide (APS) is the main macromolecule of Aloe vera, which contributes to its function. Psoriasis is an immune‑mediated chronic inflammatory disease, which affects 2‑3% of the general population. The conventional remedies used to treat psoriasis demonstrate limited effects; therefore, natural products, including Aloe vera, are being taken into consideration. However, the effects of APS on the treatment of psoriasis and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT was used to determine the effects of APS on psoriasis. Cells were randomly divided into five groups: i) Negative control group; ii) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α stimulated psoriasis model group; and iii) APS (20, 40 and 80 µg/ml) pretreated psoriasis groups. Cell viability and proliferation were investigated using the CCK‑8 assay. ELISA and western blotting were applied to study the abundance of interleukin (IL)‑8 and IL‑12 in TNF‑α‑incubated culture medium and APS‑treated HaCaT cells, respectively. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of p65, and the protein expression levels of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB inhibitor‑α (IκBα) and phosphorylated‑p65, were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. APS was revealed to significantly reduce TNF‑α‑stimulated elevation of HaCaT cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner. The expression levels of inflammatory factors, including IL‑8 and IL‑12, were increased in response to TNF‑α. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of p65 were increased following treatment with TNF‑α. Notably, treatment with APS was demonstrated to significantly attenuate the aforementioned effects in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, IκBα protein expression levels were significantly reduced following treatment with TNF‑α, which was significantly reversed following treatment with APS. In conclusion, these results suggested that APS inhibited TNF‑α‑induced proliferation of keratinocytes and overactivation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway.

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds, has been shown to possess various bioactivities. In particular, low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) has been shown to have better bioactivities. In this study, a LMWF (

Abstract Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was performed at room temperature using Aloe vera plant extract in the presence of ammoniacal silver nitrate as a metal salt precursor. The formation of AgNP was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy at different time intervals. The shape and size of the synthesized particle were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. These results were confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses and further supported by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy/Raman scattering (SERS) study. UV-visible spectrum has shown a sharp peak at 420 nm and further evidenced by FTIR peak profile (at 1587.6, 1386.4, and 1076 cm−1 with corresponding compounds). The main band position with SERS was noticed at 1594 cm−1 (C–C stretching vibration). When samples were heated under microwave radiation, AgNP with octahedron shapes with 5–50 nm were found and this method can be one of the easier ways to synthesis anisotropic AgNP, in which the plant extract plays a vital role to regulate the size and shape of the nanoparticles. Enhanced antibacterial effects (two- to fourfold) were observed in the case of Aloe vera plant protected AgNP than the routinely synthesized antibiotic drugs. Graphical Abstract Shape and size-controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aloe vera plant extract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease with complex underling mechanisms 1–3. The interactions among several factors make the study of the disease very complex and often lead to different treatment, i.e. surgical or conservative, decisions for subjects clinically and radiographically similar. Recent explorations performed at the body level pointed out that macro-factors, like overweight or gait, can influence the development of the disease 4. The number of related factors is high, and they are very likely to interact with each other. However, the literature lacks randomized and balanced studies to verify such effects of multiple factors 5. Objectives: The aim of this work was to develop a multifactorial analysis to explore whether and how gait functionality and dynamics can be related to treatment decision. Methods: A multifactorial analysis of gait dynamics in OA subjects was developed. 81 OA subjects, graded 2-3 in KL, were selected based on 4 clinical factors: Gender (male – female), Age (60-67 – 68-75), BMI (25–29.9 – 30+) and Treatment (total knee replacement (TKR) – conservative treatment). Gait analysis was performed using 8 cameras BTS Smart-DX 700, 1.5 Mpixels 250 fps and 2 force plates BTS P-6000 500 Hz sampling (BTS S.p.A., Milan, Italy). Helen Hayes marker protocol with medial markers was used for the study. Each volunteer was asked to perform a minimum of 5 valid gait sequences. Functionality and dynamics parameters were measured. Functionality : Velocity of gait and the time needed to perform a gait cycle were computed. Dynamics: The reaction forces and torques at the ankles, knees and hips were computed through inverse dynamic analyses. Analysis of variance was performed for the four factors described among the functionality and dynamics parameters. Results: The multifactorial analysis showed that functionality values are more subjective to the studied factors than the dynamics ones. Functionality seems to be directly related to the clinical treatment. Patients who selected TKR needed more time to make a step, spent more time in double stand position and walked slower (p

This study comparatively evaluated the effects of different extraction methods on yield, structural features and antioxidant activities of Laminaria j…

Administration of 20% acetic acid can induce gastric inflammation, increase leukocyte adherence in postcapillary venule and TNF-alpha level and reduce IL-10 level. Aloe vera treatment can reduce leukocyte adherence and TNF-alpha level, elevate IL-10 level and promote gastric ulcer healing.

Introduction: The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of one of the mediators of inflammation, the prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX allegedly can improve inflammation-induced pathological conditions. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential of Sargassum sp. components, Fucoidan and alginate, as COX inhibitors. Material and methods: The study was conducted by means of a computational (in silico) method. It was performed in two main stages, the docking between COX-1 and COX-2 with Fucoidan, alginate and aspirin (for comparison) and the analysis of the amount of interactions formed and the residues directly involved in the process of interaction. Results: Our results showed that both Fucoidan and alginate had an excellent potential as inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2. Fucoidan had a better potential as an inhibitor of COX than alginate. COX inhibition was expected to provide a more favorable effect on inflammation-related pathological conditions. Conclusion: The active compounds Fucoidan and alginate derived from Sargassum sp. were suspected to possess a good potential as inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2.

Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature.

Seaweed and their constituents have been traditionally employed for the management of various human pathologic conditions such as edema, urinary disor…

Fucoidan extracted from brown algae displays diverse biological activities. In the present study, fucoidan was mixed with Chinese herb extracts, and t…

(2016). Effects of Aloe Vera on Spinal Cord Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury of Rats. Journal of Investigative Surgery: Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 389-398.

Fucoidan is a sulfated hetero-polysaccharide, found in cell-wall composition of brown algae. Recent studies have reported the role of fucoidan in the …

The influence of an anionic marine polysaccharide (fucoidan) on the gastrointestinal fate of emulsified fish oils stabilized by different types of nat…

The aim of this study was to determine effects of six weeks endurance training and Aloe Vera supplementation on COX-2 and VEGF levels in mice with breast cancer. For this purpose, 35 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (healthy) and 4 cancer groups: control (cancer only), training, Alo …